Apparatus for drawing textile fibers



June 21,1927. 1,633,029 A G. C. LAURENCY APPARATUS FOR DRAWING TEXTILEFIBERS Filed March '19. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I I I 6044190015 CZEME/W'bum/m June 21,1927. 7 A G. C. LAURENCY APPARATUS FOR DRAWING TEXTILEFIBERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fil ed March 19. 1926 5/6 '4? 7 I I I '1Clerk/Yr Lime/m Patented June 21, 1927.

UNl 'vl ED ST 1,633,029 EP AWENET GUILLAUME CLEMENT-LAURENCE,OFtTWIGKENJLAM, 'ENGLAND,'-ASSIGNOR OF' SIX' IY I PER.-GEN'1 5'10- GRANTMCLEAN; POE LON-DON,L.ENGLAND.

APPABATUS'L FOR -DRAWTZDIG .TEXTILE .FiBERS.

- Application filedMarch "19,1926, Serial NoT 96;089, and in'Gr'eatfBritain".Tun 22,1925..

IThis invention relates to drawing 'apparatus cniplo gezl for drawingtextile fibers "used in sginning, in Whioh the fibersfare drawn throughthe needles of a porcnplne 5 roller.

The invention provides improvements which facilitate the sliding" and(listributi'onor the fibers renderngit possible to conbl v increase the'clrawing action Withl '1 withthe"regnlarityfiinthe drawn roving,- andtohold the Y s as Well."asth-ose'of greatest l 9th nntii thelnfill'ltlll} when they'are-Withdralvn from the roving bythefrontroller,i at theth'awingt era-tlon-canbeeffected on; out the-whole longth'o'lt'said fibers, j thatthe shortestlibers'as well asthe t, e being;stillhold-at one end and the intermediate pairs, but thelatten-mnst notallow the iibersto 'slicle-eXcept-When they are drawn by the said-frontrbl-lers.

To hold the fibers, whileallowing them arsnch siiding, the top rollersof the*internierliste' pairs compress the fibers by their own weightupon the lower rollers; but the distance betweenfihepoint-atwhich 'thiscoin in'ession -is effected and the point "at 40 w vhioh the fibersareclrawnby the front rbll- =ers, is limited by theclialneters of thetwo pairs of rollers, and all the *fibers whichare -notionger than thisdistance cease to be held by such compression :bfore being drawn by thefront rollers; consequently said fibers are tlrawnalong irregnlarlybythose which are moved at the drawing speed, and such unevendistributionproclucesirreg- 1 nlarity in the drawing.

This compression by the a'ctual 'top' ro'llers cannot be exerted-overa'll thefibers -Which pass at the same tirneftheffibers which-are inthe-center of therovingare i very strongly pressed, Whileth-ose=whiclrare at the sides, and which constitute'a'much "smaller"thickness; are "not gripped between v the rollers and aredrawnalong".irregularly With the shortest fibers.

These defe'cts-are-bbiriated'by the: present- :in vention by effectingthe-w drawing opera- .tion'-- closeto thepoint-.at'Wvhi'ch' the libers--are h'elcl by' toothed' "rollers which forma kind of "filtei adapted:toret'ain' "the fibers Without excessive compression, in such a-mannertlmt l the" fibersar helclvancl each of 'thenrmay-be vseparately- Withdrawn from tho inass "of" then-oi ing Without disarrang-*ing thelithers.

l the accompanying drawings l ig. l is =a side elevation, with partsbroken away, show-ing *an -elnbd cliinent of this invention 2 as applied'to "a irame for spinning cottomandother substances with *shortfibers-ol varying length.

FigkQ-i s an-end elevation from the right es Fig. 1; likewise with partsbroken away anilwvith parts-"in section.

*l-Qi ga ii -shows a modified arrangeinent' of the rollers "for drawingroving "with short and longer filoers.

Fig; 4 is a front vie w of certain rollers i -illnstrated in iFigs. 1,2and?) in asuper- 1 posed-rel ation.

The elnboliment shown in F igs. 1" and '2 comprisestwo" tootheol'fi=ltei"- rollers A and -pr0t'i'dcl-;-Withspecial teeth which retain thelibersWithont; however; preventing their slitling- When i at 'dra'wingspeed. Rings "A r and B or *leat-her, 'rnbber -or like *frictionmaterial are. applied to'the lendsof said rollers "A -and B,respe'etivelyyand these rings are in'contact With ring's On collars G ona long intermediate cylincler- CWhichextendsthron g1] the 1 Whole Widthor the 'machine. The 'saich collarswr rings"C are fluted and" transrilit the" movement of cylincler' G to 'the'rollersA more throughcontact of their flutes-Withithe said leather rings A and Bllhei-toprbller 'D,-Which' may" be --.smoo'-th or encased in leather-asusual, rests on the toothed "roller Byanch is rotated by permanentContact therewith that is to say, snclr contact is never interrupted bythe passage of the fibers" retained bysaid: roller B. "Tlierdllersfl'aricFB may' 'bei'placecl "slightly spaced apart;- and) the cylinder C'provid'ecl -fora positive and regn'l or movement thereof.

The :front roller or clrawing cylinderF-is providechwi'th fine spaced:fiutes, and the fibers -a're=*pressed against said flntes" by one saidplate can be adjusted for each segment individually by means of screwsJ, and the said segments can be removed and replaced without alteringthe pressure or stopping the machine.

A roving guide consisting of a transverse bar K carrying forks L, whichlatter regulate the entrance of the roving into the apparatus, has areciprocating movement with a period of stoppage at each end of itscourse. The speed of this roving guide is in proportion to the averagelength of the fibers to be drawn. The reciprocating motion of the bar Kcan be obtained by various known means; in Fig. 1, this motion isproduced by a pulley M carrying an eccentric pin N, and two abutmentmembers P and P 'which are secured to the bar K and alter{ nately forcedone to the right, the other to I the left, by therevolution of said pinN. The period of rest of the roving guide at each end of its course isequivalent to the time required for the pin N to pass from one abutmentmember to the other. The pulley M may he stepped, so that the speed ofthe roving guide can be varied by transferring the belt which actuatesit to a step of a difierent diameter.

Guided by the fork L, the rovim designated by the broken line r entersobliquely between the rollers B andD and forms undulations which aremore numerous and .consequently at a. more acute angle according as thespeed of the roving guide L is greater in relationto the circumferentialspeed of the roller. These undulations are continued on the rollerA, andthe roving retained between the teeth of rollers B and A advances withthese rollers until its foremost end reaches the segment G and is drawnunder the latter through the flutes of the drawing cylinder F.' Fromthis moment, these fibers are at drawing speed; that is to say, they ad-Vance with the cylinder F, the circumferential speed of which is greaterthan that of the filter rollers A and B, and slide between the teeth ofsaid rollers, becoming separated from those fibers the forward end ofwlnch have not yetreached the segment G, and which continue to advanceslowly.

with'said rollers A and B.

It willbe observed from Fig. 2 that the entrance of the fibers betweenthe segment G and the drawing cylinder F iselfected close to the teethof the roller A. This fea' .ture is of importance in the invention since.A and B with a sliding movement,

only cease to be held by the teeth when withdrawn therefrom by thedrawing cylinder. The short fibers are consequently straightened andparallelized as Well as the fibers of all other lengths with which theyare then agglomerated by twisting on leaving thesegment G at the point0.

The fibers being better held by the toothed rollers A and ll.inproportion as the undulations are more numerous and the average lengthof the fibers is greater, the speed of the roving guide mustfof course,be decreased for long fibers and increased for shorter ones; the fibersare also held the more firmly by the flutes of the drawing cylinder F astheir position on said cylinder forms a more acute angle with theflutes;

tion. with a specially-fluted drawing cyl-w inder, to more thefibersregularly at the drawing speed.

Owing to this combination of the segment (.i with the cylinder F, thetoothed rollers A and B can conduct the fibers to the saidsegment Grclose to the drawing cylinder.

which draws them along at an accelerated speed and away from the teethof rollers the shorter fibers and the longer ones being thusdrawn,straightened and parallelized throughout their entire length.

Themodification shown in Fig. 3 is for.

drawing fibers of which the greatest length is less than the distance U.This distance must not be shorter than the longest fibers which are inthe roving; but it can, of course, be increased by inserting one or moresets formed by a cylinder G a toothed filter roller A B2 or S, and a toproller 1) cooperating with said rollers, all as shown in superposedposition in Fig. 4. The pair of usual feeding rollers R, T can also beemployed, and all sets of rollers, C and A B C and S, D and R, T, can besuitably spaced on the frame Y of Fig. 3.

The roller A of. Fig. 2, or A of Fig. 3, has very inclined teeth andholds the fibers near the drawing cylinder F. This arrangementallows ofdispensing with the use 01" a top .roller, the traction exerted by thedrawing cylinder F being sufficient in this case to cause the roving topenetrate and be retained in the filter roller A or 13?. Consequently,the top roller is not necessary ill) when the teethot' the filter'rollerare inclined backwards; but when the teeth are atrightangle's, like B inFig. 2, and S in Fig, 3', atop roller maintains the fibers in the litterand itis rotated by the toothed roller on which it rests in permanentcontact by its own weight without directly compressing the fibers whichare located be tween the teeth. The top roller D which may, if desired,also be a toothed roller,

merely holds the rovingin the filter on a level with the points oft-heteeth. The roving is no longer crushed between two rollers to preventthe premature advance or" the fibers, the resistance necessary toprevent such advance being produced in the filter,

the teeth of which penetrate the roving and divide it to facilitate thesliding of the fibers,

and=such sliding between the teeth compels said fibers toreadjustthemselves and becomeparallel when they are pulled out by thedrawingcylinder. 2 I claim 'as -my invention:

' 1. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the-combination oi'atoothed roller torming a'filter adapted to retain all the fibers oftherovingby means of its teeth alone, a longitudinally-fluted frontdrawing cylinder located in close proximity to the filter roller, asegment partly surrounding said cylinder, and adjustable spring meansfor pressing said segment against the flutes ot thecylinder; saidcylinder acting to draw the fibers separately from the mass of roving,without disarranging the other fibers, by removing them from the teethof the filter roller and causing them to slide across the inner surfaceof the segment.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which the ends of the filterroller are furnished with rings of friction material; and in which adriving cylinder is provided having flutes whereon said rings directlyrest, whereby said roller is rotated by the contact of such flutes andrings.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, in which the pressure imposed uponthe segment by the adjustable spring means is centralized at one end ofa line extending radially outward from the center point of the segment.i

4:. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of atoothed roller forming a filter adapted to retain all the fibers of theroving by means of its teeth alone, a longitudinally-fluted frontdrawing cylinder lo cated in close proximity to the filter roller, asegment partly surrounding said cylinder, a bearing pin projectingradially outward from the center of the outer faceof the segment, aspring member whereon the point of said pin rests for pressing thesegment against the flutes of the cylinder, and an adjusting memberassociated with the spring member for varying the tension of the latter;

said- :cylinder, acting to draw the fibersseparately from the mallofroving, without disdriven thereby.

6. In apparatus for drawin-g'textile fibers, the combination, with adrawing cylinder, of a toothed roller located in close proximity theretoand forming a filter adapted to retain'all the fibers of the roving byits teeth alone, said roller having rings of friction material fitted onits ends, a driving cylinder having flutes in contact with said ringstorotate the filter roller, and a top roller resting thereby.

7. in apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of a toothedroller forming a filter adapted to retain all the fibersof the m5roving'by means of its teeth alone, a longitudinallyfiuted front drawingcylinder located in close proximity to the filter roller, a segmentpartly surrounding said cylinder, adjustable spring means for pressingsaid segment against the flutes of the cylinder; said cylinder acting todraw the fibers separately from the mass of roving, without disarrangingthe other fibers, by removing them from the teeth of the filter rollerand causing them to slide across the inner surface of the segment; aroving guide, and means for imparting a reciprocating movement to saidguide with aperiod of rest at the end of each stroke, thereby to produceundulations of the roving which cause the fibers to pass at a more orless pronounced angle on the filter roller and between the segment andthe flutes at the drawing cylinder.

8. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of afinely-fluted drawing cylinder, a segment partly surrounding the lowerportion of the periphery of said cylinder; the flutes of said drawingcylinder moving the fibers along and causing them to slide over theinner'surface of the segment; and spring means for pressing said segmentupward against the flutes of the drawing cylinder. I

9. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of afinely-fluted drawing cylinder, a segment partly surrounding the lowerportion of the periphery of said cylinder; the flutes of said drawingcylinder moving the fibers along and causing them to slide over theinner surface of the segment;

loosely upon the filter roller and driven means for resiliently pressingsaid segment upward agalnst the flutes of the drawing cylinder, andmeansfor adjusting the tension of said pressure means.

10. In apparatus for driving textile fibers, the combination of afinely-fluted drawing cylinder, a segment partly surrounding the lOWerportion of the periphery of said cylinder; the flutes of said drawingcylinder moving the fibers along and or using them to slide over theinner surface of the segment; means for resiliently pressing saidsegment upward against the flutes of the drawing cylinder, a bearingcone situated at the center point of the segment and whereon saidpressure means acts, and means for adjusting the tension of saidpressure means.

11; In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination, with apair of superposed, removable fiber-retaining rollers, the surface ofthe lower roller being provided with pointed teeth to lightly retain thefibers, and the upper roller rolling by its own weight on the lowerroller; of a cylin der whereon said lower roller rests adapted to drivethe same by friction.

12. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination, with apair of superposed, removable fiber-retainin'g rollers, the surface ofthe lowerroller being provided with pointed teeth to lightly retain thefibers, and the upper roller rolling by its own weight on the lowerroller; of a cylinder whereon sald lower roller rests adapted to drivethe same by friction, and a drawing cylinder receiving the fibers fromthe rollers.

13. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination, with aplurality of fiber-retainingrollers, the surface of each being providedwith pointed teeth to lightly retain the fibers, and an upper rollerrolling by its own weight on certain of the firstnamed rollers; of acylinder adapted to drive said first-named rollers by friction, afinely-fluted drawing cylinder receiving the fibers from said rollers,and a segment partly surrounding the peripherylof the drawing cylinderand resiliently pressed t-hereagainst.

14. In apparatus for drawing textile fibers, the combination of drivingcylinders placed at variable distances apart and the number of which isdetermined by the maxi mum length of the fibers, an intermediatefiber-retaining roller engaging each driving cylinder and from which itrecelves movement, a drawing cylinder receiving the fibers from the lastfiber-retaining roller,

and a member coacting with the drawing ,7

GUILLAUME CLEMENT LAURENCY.

